In Ayurveda, Entada scandens (often referred to as Entada rheedii) is known by the Sanskrit name Gilla or Kamanthaka, though in older classical texts, it is frequently categorized under the broader umbrella of Mahaneela or associated with Vidari due to its climbing nature. 1. Reference in Charaka Samhita In the Charaka Samhita, specifically in the Kalpa Sthana (the section on formulations and pharmaceutics), there are references to a variety of large climbing seeds and vines used for purification (Vamana and Virechana). While Entada scandens is not always the “primary” herb in common modern lists, it is referenced under the Vidhika or Karanja variations in certain commentaries, particularly regarding its seeds (Beeja). Exact Context: It is often linked to the Madanaphala Chardi (emetic) formulations. Chapter: Charaka Samhita, Kalpa Sthana, Chapter 1 (Madanaphala Kalpa). Verse Note: It is included among the “Upavisha” (semi-toxic/potent) categories in later commentaries for its saponin content, which facilitates the cleansing action described in the text. 2. References in Kerala Traditions (Hortus Malabaricus & Others) Kerala’s Ayurvedic tradition has a much more robust documentation of this plant, locally known as Kakka Valli. Hortus Malabaricus (Vol. 8): This 17th-century text, which heavily relied on the knowledge of Ezhava Ayurvedic physicians of Kerala (like Itti Achuthan), provides a detailed description of Entada scandens under the name “Perim-kaku-valli.” It documents its historical use in treating skin diseases and as a powerful anti-inflammatory agent. Sahasrayogam: This is the “Bible” of Kerala Ayurveda. While the text focuses on formulations, the seeds of Entada scandens (Gilla) are mentioned in the preparation of certain Lepa (topical pastes) and oil applications for glandular swellings and muscular pains. Adhyatmaramayanam related texts: In some local ethno-botanical Kerala manuscripts, the plant is referred to as “Garuda-Pancha,” believing that the seeds were used by the mythical bird Garuda, leading to its use in traditional anti-venom (Visha Chikitsa) protocols. 3. Other Classical Nighantus (Lexicons) Bhavaprakash Nighantu: References it under the Vatadi Varga. It describes the seeds as Katu (pungent) and Tikta (bitter), specifically noting their ability to balance Kapha and Vata. Raja Nighantu: Categorizes it under the name Kamanthaka, highlighting its “Grahagrahi” (absorbent) and “Vranahara” (wound-healing) properties.
