What Are the Symptoms of Tuberculosis, and How Is It Diagnosed? - #15388

Thank you for sharing your concerns. Tuberculosis (TB) is indeed a significant infectious disease caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis. The most common early symptoms include persistent cough (lasting more than 3 weeks), chest pain, coughing up blood or sputum, unexplained weight loss, fatigue, fever, and night sweats. If TB spreads beyond the lungs (extrapulmonary TB), symptoms vary depending on the affected area (e.g., back pain if the spine is involved). Doctors diagnose TB using a combination of tests. The initial evaluation usually involves a chest X-ray and sputum smear microscopy to detect the bacteria. A skin test (Mantoux tuberculin test) or blood test (IGRA) can determine prior TB exposure. More advanced tests like GeneXpert or culture testing may be used to confirm active infection and assess drug resistance. Drug-resistant TB (MDR-TB) is a serious concern, often requiring longer and more complex treatment. The best prevention methods include ensuring full adherence to prescribed medications, avoiding exposure to infected individuals, and maintaining strong overall health. BCG vaccination also provides partial protection, especially in children. Natural remedies like Tulsi, Giloy, and Black Pepper are believed to support respiratory health in Ayurveda, but they should not replace TB medications. Tulsi has antimicrobial properties, Giloy may help boost immunity, and Black Pepper can aid in respiratory relief. However, these should be used only as supplements to medical treatment. If you suspect TB or experience any symptoms, it’s essential to seek immediate medical care. Early treatment and adherence to the prescribed regimen are critical to curing TB and preventing complications or drug resistance.