Chemotherapy kya hai

Question

One of my close relatives has been diagnosed with cancer, and the doctor has recommended chemotherapy. But I don’t fully understand chemotherapy kya hai and how it actually works. The doctor gave us a brief explanation, but it was all medical terms that we couldn’t grasp properly. I want to know in simple words—chemotherapy kya hai, how does it work, and what exactly happens during the treatment?

I have heard that chemotherapy is very intense and comes with a lot of side effects. Some people say it makes you extremely weak, causes hair fall, and leads to vomiting. My relative is already weak, and I’m really worried about how their body will handle chemotherapy. Does it make everyone feel sick, or does it depend on the person? Also, I’ve read that chemotherapy lowers immunity—how dangerous is that? Can small infections become life-threatening?

Another thing I want to understand is whether chemotherapy is the only option. The doctors didn’t mention any alternatives. Are there Ayurvedic treatments that can work alongside chemotherapy to reduce its side effects? I’ve heard that some herbs and special diets can help the body recover. Does Ayurveda have remedies to strengthen the immune system during chemotherapy? Can diet and lifestyle changes help make the process easier?

Also, how long does chemotherapy take? Is it just a one-time treatment, or does it go on for months? What happens after the sessions are over—does the patient recover quickly, or does the weakness stay for a long time?

If anyone has gone through chemotherapy or has seen a loved one undergo it, please share your experience. How did the body react? What should we expect, and how can we prepare in advance? Any advice on natural ways to support the body during chemotherapy?

Dr Sujal Patil · Answer

Chemotherapy is a type of cancer treatment that uses strong medicines to kill cancer cells or stop them from growing. It works by targeting rapidly dividing cells, which include both cancerous and some healthy cells (like those in the hair, skin, and digestive tract). Because it affects healthy cells too, chemotherapy often causes side effects. It can be given as pills, injections, or IV infusions, and the number of sessions depends on the type and stage of cancer. Some people receive chemo for a few weeks, while others may need it for several months, with breaks in between to help the body recover.

Side effects vary from person to person. Common ones include fatigue, nausea, vomiting, hair loss, and a weakened immune system, which increases infection risk. Not everyone experiences extreme weakness—some tolerate it well, while others struggle more. Doctors often prescribe medicines to manage side effects, and it’s crucial to monitor the patient’s health closely. Since chemotherapy lowers immunity, even minor infections can become serious, so hygiene and a nutritious diet are essential. Doctors usually recommend avoiding crowded places and taking precautions to prevent infections.

While chemotherapy is a primary treatment, some complementary approaches may help with side effects. Ayurveda suggests herbs like Ashwagandha and Tulsi for immunity, as well as dietary changes to strengthen the body. However, it’s essential to consult the oncologist before adding any alternative treatments, as some herbs can interfere with chemo. A balanced diet, plenty of fluids, and mild exercise (if possible) can support recovery. After chemotherapy, recovery varies—some regain strength quickly, while others take longer. Support from family, a healthy routine, and medical guidance can make the journey easier.

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