Ask Ayurveda

FREE! Ask an Ayurvedic Doctor — 24/7
Connect with Ayurvedic doctors 24/7. Ask anything, get expert help today.
Orthopedic Disorders
Question #17444
181 days ago
211

humerus diagram - #17444

Stella

So last month I fell off my bike pretty bad, landed on my arm and boom, straight to the hospital. They took an x-ray and said I fractured my humerus. Doc showed me the humerus diagram and pointed at the exact spot where it broke. At that moment I was too much in pain to care, but now I’m thinking... what exactly am I looking at? I mean, I get that it’s a bone in the upper arm, but how does it work with the rest of my body? Like, why does my shoulder feel so weird even though the break was lower? The doc put me in a cast and said it should heal in a few months. But here’s the thing... my arm still feels super stiff. Like, even though the cast is off now, I can't fully stretch it out or lift stuff like before. It’s like my muscles forgot how to work. I’ve been trying some light exercises, but every time I move it a certain way, I get this weird pulling sensation near my elbow. Is that normal? Also, sometimes my fingers go numb for a few seconds. No idea if that’s related, but it’s freaking me out. I’ve been reading about Ayurveda and natural healing, and I’m wondering if there’s anything I can do to help my bone recover better? I saw something about herbal oils and massages, but would that even work on a broken bone? I don’t wanna mess it up more. Also, are there any specific foods or herbs that can speed up healing? The hospital just told me to get enough calcium, but that seems kinda basic. Another thing - since seeing that humerus diagram, I keep wondering if my bone is healing in the right position. Like, does Ayurveda have any ways to check if everything’s aligning properly? Or is this something that only an x-ray can confirm? My next follow-up is in a few weeks, but I’d rather not wait if there’s something I can do now. If anyone’s been through this or knows Ayurvedic remedies for bone healing, please let me know. I really don’t wanna end up with a weak arm forever. Any advice on exercises, diet, or treatments would be super helpful.

FREE
Question is closed
FREE! Ask an Ayurvedic Doctor — 24/7,
100% Anonymous
Get expert answers anytime,
completely confidential.
No sign-up needed.
CTA image

Doctors’ responses

Dr. Harsha Joy
Dr. Harsha Joy is a renowned Ayurvedic practitioner with a wealth of expertise in lifestyle consultation, skin and hair care, gynecology, and infertility treatments. With years of experience, she is dedicated to helping individuals achieve optimal health through a balanced approach rooted in Ayurveda's time-tested principles. Dr. Harsha has a unique ability to connect with her patients, offering personalized care plans that cater to individual needs, whether addressing hormonal imbalances, fertility concerns, or chronic skin and hair conditions. In addition to her clinical practice, Dr. Harsha is a core content creator in the field of Ayurveda, contributing extensively to educational platforms and medical literature. She is passionate about making Ayurvedic wisdom accessible to a broader audience, combining ancient knowledge with modern advancements to empower her clients on their wellness journeys. Her areas of interest include promoting women's health, managing lifestyle disorders, and addressing the root causes of skin and hair issues through natural, non-invasive therapies. Dr. Harsha’s holistic approach focuses on not just treating symptoms but addressing the underlying causes of imbalances, ensuring sustainable and long-lasting results. Her warm and empathetic nature, coupled with her deep expertise, has made her a sought-after consultant for those looking for natural, effective solutions to improve their quality of life. Whether you're seeking to enhance fertility, rejuvenate your skin and hair, or improve overall well-being, Dr. Harsha Joy offers a compassionate and knowledgeable pathway to achieving your health goals.
181 days ago
4.83

In Ayurveda, nails are seen as a reflection of overall health, with imbalances in Vata (dryness) and Pitta (heat) often causing issues like deep ridges, brittleness, and weakness. Digestive irregularities and bloating suggest weak Agni (digestive fire), which can hinder nutrient absorption and affect nail health. Habits like skipping breakfast and drinking excessive chai can aggravate Vata and Pitta. To improve, maintain a regular eating schedule with light, warm meals, and use digestive herbs like Triphala or Amla. Massaging nails with sesame or castor oil helps nourish and hydrate, while grounding practices like meditation balance Vata. If symptoms persist, consult an Ayurvedic practitioner for further diagnosis and explore healthcare options for underlying deficiencies or conditions.

13739 answered questions
68% best answers
Accepted response

0 replies

I’m truly sorry to hear about your injury and the challenges you’re facing during recovery. Your concerns about stiffness, the pulling sensation by your elbow, and the numbness in your fingers are valid and can be interrelated as fractures may impact surrounding muscles and nerves.

Ayurvedic Perspective on Bone Healing

1. Understanding Your Condition: The humerus connects to both the shoulder and elbow, so any trauma here can affect nearby structures. Poor alignment during healing can lead to stiffness and reduced mobility.

2. Interrelationship of Muscles and Bones: Ayurvedically, the muscles, bones (ashti), and connective tissues (snayu) are interconnected. The stiffness you’re feeling is often due to a lack of ‘vata’ (which governs movement) in the affected area after immobilization.

Steps for Enhanced Healing

1. Dietary Recommendations: To support bone healing, focus on foods that nourish ‘Asthi’ (bone tissue), such as: - Dairy Products: Ghee, warm milk, paneer, and yogurt. - Nuts and Seeds: Almonds, sesame seeds, recommended to soak them overnight and consume. - Leafy Greens: Spinach, kale for calcium and vitamin K. - Protein Sources: Lentils and legumes for muscle support.

2. Herbal Support: - Ashwagandha: A rejuvenating herb that can help with strength & vitality. - Guggulu: Known for its ability to strengthen bones and promote healthy recovery.

3. Oil Massage: Consider a gentle self-massage with warm Mahanarayan oil or Dhanvantaram oil. This technique helps to alleviate stiffness, promote blood circulation, and restore mobility. Use your palm in a circular motion around the arm and elbow without applying excessive pressure.

4. Gentle Exercises: Gradually introduce the following gentle stretching and strengthening exercises, but only within your pain-free range: - Pendulum Swings: Lean forward and let your arm dangle, gently swinging it side to side. - Wrist Flexing: Move your wrist in circles to increase movement in that area, which should alleviate some discomfort in the elbow. - Finger Pilates: Open and close your fist slowly to help with finger numbness.

5. Monitoring Progress: While Ayurveda has assessments (like examining pulse and tongue) to gauge the body’s condition, X-rays are essential for confirming proper alignment during healing. Regular follow-ups with your medical provider will help ascertain the healing process effectively.

6. Mindfulness and Lifestyle: Incorporate gentle yoga and breathing exercises to improve your overall wellness and promote body awareness. This will also help alleviate anxiety related to your healing process.

Caution: If numbness persists or worsens, please consult your healthcare provider as it could indicate nerve involvement.

These steps can help in your recovery while maintaining harmony between modern medicine and Ayurvedic principles. Wishing you a smooth and speedy recovery!

1742 answered questions
27% best answers

0 replies
Speech bubble
FREE! Ask an Ayurvedic doctor — 24/7,
100% Anonymous

600+ certified Ayurvedic experts. No sign-up.

About our doctors

Only qualified ayurvedic doctors who have confirmed the availability of medical education and other certificates of medical practice consult on our service. You can check the qualification confirmation in the doctor's profile.


Related questions

Doctors online

Dr. Ayush Varma
I am an Ayurvedic physician with an MD from AIIMS—yeah, the 2008 batch. That time kinda shaped everything for me... learning at that level really forces you to think deeper, not just follow protocol. Now, with 15+ years in this field, I mostly work with chronic stuff—autoimmune issues, gut-related problems, metabolic syndrome... those complex cases where symptoms overlap n patients usually end up confused after years of going in circles. I don’t rush to treat symptoms—I try to dig into what’s actually causing the system to go off-track. I guess that’s where my training really helps, especially when blending classical Ayurveda with updated diagnostics. I did get certified in Panchakarma & Rasayana therapy, which I use quite a lot—especially in cases where tissue-level nourishment or deep detox is needed. Rasayana has this underrated role in post-illness recovery n immune stabilization, which most people miss. I’m pretty active in clinical research too—not a full-time academic or anything, but I’ve contributed to studies on how Ayurveda helps manage diabetes, immunity burnout, stress dysregulation, things like that. It’s been important for me to keep a foot in that evidence-based space—not just because of credibility but because it keeps me from becoming too rigid in practice. I also get invited to speak at wellness events n some integrative health conferences—sharing ideas around patient-centered treatment models or chronic care via Ayurvedic frameworks. I practice full-time at a wellness centre that’s serious about Ayurveda—not just the spa kind—but real, protocol-driven, yet personalised medicine. Most of my patients come to me after trying a lot of other options, which makes trust-building a huge part of what I do every single day.
4.95
20 reviews
Dr. Anirudh Deshmukh
I am Dr Anurag Sharma, done with BAMS and also PGDHCM from IMS BHU, which honestly shaped a lot of how I approach things now in clinic. Working as a physician and also as an anorectal surgeon, I’ve got around 2 to 3 years of solid experience—tho like, every day still teaches me something new. I mainly focus on anorectal care (like piles, fissure, fistula stuff), plus I work with chronic pain cases too. Pain management is something I feel really invested in—seeing someone walk in barely managing and then leave with actual relief, that hits different. I’m not really the fancy talk type, but I try to keep my patients super informed, not just hand out meds n move on. Each case needs a bit of thinking—some need Ksharasutra or minor para surgical stuff, while others are just lifestyle tweaks and herbal meds. I like mixing the Ayurved principles with modern insights when I can, coz both sides got value really. It’s like—knowing when to go gentle and when to be precise. Right now I’m working hard on getting even better with surgical skills, but also want to help people get to me before surgery's the only option. Had few complicated cases where patience n consistency paid off—no shortcuts but yeah, worth it. The whole point for me is to actually listen first, like proper listen. People talk about symptoms but also say what they feel—and that helps in understanding more than any lab report sometimes. I just want to stay grounded in my work, and keep growing while doing what I can to make someone's pain bit less every day.
0 reviews
Dr. Akshay Negi
I am currently pursuing my MD in Panchakarma, and by now I carry 3 yrs of steady clinical experience. Panchakarma for me is not just detox or some fancy retreat thing — it’s the core of how Ayurveda actually works to reset the system. During my journey I’ve handled patients with arthritis flares, chronic back pain, migraine, digestive troubles, hormonal imbalance, even skin and stress-related disorders... and in almost every case Panchakarma gave space for deeper healing than medicines alone. Working hands-on with procedures like Vamana, Virechana, Basti, Nasya, and Raktamokshana gave me a lot of practical insight. It's not just about performing the therapy, but understanding timing, patient strength, diet before and after, and how their mind-body reacts to cleansing. Some respond quick, others struggle with initial discomfort, and that’s where real patient support matters. I learnt to watch closely, adjust small details, and guide them through the whole process safely. My approach is always patient-centric. I don’t believe in pushing the same package to everyone. I first assess prakriti, agni, mental state, lifestyle, then decide what works best. Sometimes full Panchakarma isn’t even needed — simple modifications, herbs, or limited therapy sessions can bring results. And when full shodhana is required, I plan it in detail with proper purvakarma & aftercare, cause that’s what makes outcomes sustainable. The last few years made me more confident not just in procedures but in the philosophy behind them. Panchakarma isn’t a quick fix — it demands patience, discipline, trust. But when done right, it gives relief that lasts, and that’s why I keep refining how I practice it.
5
1 reviews
Dr. Hemanshu Mehta
I am Dr. Hemanshu—right now a 2nd year MD scholar in Shalya Tantra, which basically means I’m training deep into the surgical side of Ayurveda. Not just cutting and stitching, btw, but the whole spectrum of para-surgical tools like Agnikarma, Viddhakarma, and Kshara Karma... these aren’t just traditional, they’re super precise when done right. I’m not saying I know everything yet (still learning every day honestly), but I do have solid exposure in handling chronic pain issues, muscle-joint disorders, and anorectal conditions like piles, fissures, fistulas—especially where modern treatments fall short or the patient’s tired of going through loops. During clinical rounds, I’ve seen how even simple Kshara application or well-timed Agnikarma can ease stuff like tennis elbow or planter fasciatis, fast. But more than the technique, I feel the key is figuring what matches the patient’s constitution n lifestyle... like one-size-never-fits-all here. I try to go beyond the complaint—looking into their ahar, sleep, stress levels, digestion, and just how they feel in general. That part gets missed often. I honestly believe healing isn’t just a “procedure done” kind of thing. I try not to rush—spend time on pre-procedure prep, post-care advice, what diet might help the tissue rebuild faster, whether they’re mentally up for it too. And no, I don’t ignore pathology reports either—modern diagnostic tools help me stay grounded while applying ancient methods. It’s not this vs that, it’s both, when needed. My aim, tbh, is to become the kind of Ayurvedic surgeon who doesn't just do the work but understands why that karma or technique is needed at that point in time. Every case teaches me something new, and that curiosity keeps me moving.
5
142 reviews
Dr. Maitri Bhavesh Kumar Acharya
ChatGPT said: I am Dr. Maitri, currently in my 2nd year of MD in Dravyaguna, and yeah, I run my own Ayurvedic clinic in Ranoli where I’ve been seeing patients for 2 years now. Honestly, what pulled me into this path deeper is how powerful herbs really are—when used right. Not just randomly mixing churnas but actually understanding their rasa, virya, vipaka etc. That’s kinda my zone, where textbook knowledge meets day-to-day case handling. My practice revolves around helping people with PCOD, acne, dandruff, back pain, stiffness in knees or joints that never seem to go away. And I don’t jump to giving a long list of medicines straight away—first I spend time figuring out their prakriti, their habits, food cycle, what triggers what… basically all the small stuff that gets missed. Then comes the plan—herbs (single or compound), some diet reshuffling, and always some lifestyle nudges. Sometimes they’re tiny, like sleep timing. Sometimes big like proper seasonal detox. Being into Dravyaguna helps me get into the depth of herbs more confidently. I don’t just look at the symptom—I think okay what guna will counter this? Should the drug be snigdha, ushna, tikta? Is there a reverse vipaka that’ll hurt the agni? I ask these questions before writing any combo. That’s made a huge diff in outcomes. Like I had this case of chronic urticaria that would flare up every week, and just tweaking the herbs based on sheetala vs ushna nature... helped calm the system in 3 weeks flat. Not magic, just logic. I also work with women who are struggling with hormonal swings, mood, delayed periods or even unexplained breakouts. When hormones go haywire, the skin shows, digestion slows, and mind gets foggy too. I keep my approach full-circle—cleansing, balancing, rejuvenating. No quick fixes, I tell them early on. What I’m hoping to do more of now is make Ayurveda feel practical. Not overwhelming. Just simple tools—ahara, vihara, aushadha—used consistently, with some trust in the body’s own healing. I’m still learning, still refining, but honestly, seeing people feel in control of their health again—that’s what keeps me rooted to this.
5
233 reviews
Dr. Anjali Sehrawat
I am Dr. Anjali Sehrawat. Graduated BAMS from National College of Ayurveda & Hospital, Barwala (Hisar) in 2023—and right now I'm doing my residency, learning a lot everyday under senior clinicians who’ve been in the field way longer than me. It’s kind of intense but also really grounding. Like, it makes you pause before assuming anything about a patient. During my UG and clinical rotations, I got good hands-on exposure... not just in diagnosing through Ayurvedic nidan but also understanding where and when Allopathic tools (like lab reports or acute interventions) help fill the gap. I really believe that if you *actually* want to heal someone, you gotta see the whole picture—Ayurveda gives you that depth, but you also need to know when modern input is useful, right? I’m more interested in chronic & lifestyle disorders—stuff like metabolic imbalances, stress-linked issues, digestive problems that linger and slowly pull energy down. I don’t rush into giving churnas or kashayams just bcz the texts say so... I try to see what fits the patient’s prakriti, daily habits, emotional pattern etc. It’s not textbook-perfect every time, but that’s where the real skill grows I guess. I do a lot of thinking abt cause vs symptom—sometimes it's not the problem you see that actually needs solving first. What I care about most is making sure the treatment is safe, ethical, practical, and honest. No overpromising, no pushing meds that don’t fit. And I’m always reading or discussing sth—old Samhitas or recent journals, depends what the case demands. My goal really is to build a practice where people feel seen & understood, not just “managed.” That's where healing actually begins, right?
5
28 reviews
Dr. Keerthana PV
I am an Ayurvedic doctor who kinda grew into this path naturally—my roots are in Kerala, and I did my internship at VPSV Ayurveda College in Kottakkal, which honestly was one of the most eye-opening stages of my life. That place isn’t just a college, it’s a deep well of real Ayurveda. The kind that’s lived, not just studied. During my time there, I didn’t just observe—I *practiced*. Diagnosing, treating, understanding the patient beyond their symptoms, all that hands-on stuff that textbooks don’t really teach. It’s where I learned the rhythm of classical Kerala Ayurveda, the art of pulse reading, and how Panchakarma ain’t just about detox but more about deep repair. I work closely with patients—always felt more like a guide than just a doctor tbh. Whether it's about fixing a chronic issue or preventing one from happening, I focus on the full picture. I give a lot of attention to diet (pathya), routine, mental clutter, and stress stuff. Counseling on these isn’t an ‘extra’—I see it as a part of healing. And not the preachy kind either, more like what works *for you*, your lifestyle, your space. Also yeah—I’m a certified Smrithi Meditation Consultant from Kottakkal Ayurveda School of Excellence. This kinda allowed me to mix mindfulness with medicine, which I find super important, especially in today’s distracted world. I integrate meditation where needed—some patients need a virechana, some just need to breathe better before they sleep. There’s no one-size-fits-all and I kinda like that part of my job the most. I don’t claim to know it all, but I listen deeply, treat with care, and stay true to the Ayurvedic principles I was trained in. My role feels less about ‘curing’ and more about nudging people back to their natural balance... it’s not quick or flashy, but it feels right.
5
110 reviews
Dr. Prasad Pentakota
ChatGPT said: I am Dr. P. Prasad, and I’ve been in this field for 20+ years now, working kinda across the board—General Medicine, Neurology, Dermatology, Cardiology—you name it. Didn’t start out thinking I’d end up spanning that wide, but over time, each area sort of pulled me in deeper. And honestly, I like that mix. It lets me look at a patient not just through one lens but a whole system-wide view... makes more sense when treating something that won’t fit neatly in one category. I’ve handled everything from day-to-day stuff like hypertension, diabetes, or skin infections to more serious neuro and cardiac problems. Some cases are quick—diagnose, treat, done. Others take time, repeated check-ins, figuring out what’s really going on beneath those usual symptoms. And that’s where the detail matters. I’m pretty big on thorough diagnosis and patient education—because half the problem is ppl just not knowing what’s happening inside their own body. What’s changed for me over years isn’t just knowledge, it’s how much I lean on listening. If you miss what someone didn’t say, you might also miss their actual illness. And idk, after seeing it play out so many times, I do believe combining updated medical practice with basic empathy really shifts outcomes. Doesn’t have to be complicated... it just has to be consistent. I keep up with research too—new drugs, diagnostics, cross-specialty updates etc., not because it’s trendy, but cuz it’s necessary. Patients come in better read now than ever. You can’t afford to fall behind. The end goal’s the same tho—help them heal right, not just fast. Ethical practice, evidence-based, and sometimes just being there to explain what’s going on. That’s what I stick to.
5
310 reviews
Dr. Ayushya Kumar Singh
I am someone who got into Ayurveda not just for treating diseases but cuz I always felt drawn to understanding why things go out of balance in the first place. My work’s rooted in classical Ayurvedic texts—I’ve spent years studying them, not just memorizing shlokas but really figuring out what they mean in today’s context. At the same time, I also use modern diagnostic stuff where needed, just to get a fuller picture. Pulse diagnosis (Nadi Pariksha) is something I rely on a lot—it’s not easy to master but with practice, it kinda tells you what the body’s hiding, even before symptoms scream out loud. I focus mostly on chronic issues… like gut problems, fatigue, hormonal mess, skin disorders, and stress stuff that just doesn’t go away with tablets. I use herbal formulations (mostly customized), Panchakarma when needed—not in a one-size way but actually based on the person’s Prakriti and Vikriti. I also spend a good chunk of time explaining things to patients. Like why you should eat this in winter, or skip curd at night or not mix fruits with milk—little stuff people think doesn’t matter, but actually does in Ayurveda. Over time, I’ve realized people don’t just want relief, they want to understand how their body works again. That’s kinda where I feel most useful. I help patients reconnect with natural rhythms, daily routines, sleep cycles, digestion, seasons—all of it. And ya, it’s slow sometimes. But once things shift internally, you see it show up on the outside too. That’s what keeps me going honestly. Whether it’s stress or sluggish metabolism or just someone feeling “not right” without knowing why—I try to listen deep, go to the root n create a treatment path that’s realistic and sustainable. Not just ideal on paper. Healing, for me, is something we do together, not something I just hand over. I want people to feel heard n understood… and to believe their bodies can heal, with the right support. That’s what Ayurveda is to me—real, ancient, and still totally alive.
0 reviews
Dr. Rajan soni
I am working in Ayurveda field from some time now, started out as a general physician at Chauhan Ayurveda Hospital in Noida. That place taught me a lot—how to handle different types of patients in OPD, those daily cases like fever, digestion issues, body pain... but also chronic stuff which keeps coming back. After that I moved to Instant Aushadhalya—an online Ayurveda hospital setup. Whole different space. Consultations online ain’t easy at first—no pulse reading, no direct Nadi check—but you learn to ask the right things, look at patient’s tone, habit patterns, timing of symptoms... and yeah it actually works, sometimes even better than in person. Right now I’m working as an Ayurveda consultant at Digvijayam Clinic where I’m focusing more on individualised care. Most ppl come here with stress-related problems, digestion issues, joint pain, that kind of mix. I go by classic diagnosis principles like prakriti analysis, dosha imbalance and all, but also mix in what I learned from modern side—like understanding their lifestyle triggers, screen time, sleep cycles, food gaps n stress patterns. I don’t rush into panchakarma or heavy medicines unless it’s needed... prefer starting with simple herbs, diet change, basic daily routine correction. If things demand, then I go stepwise into Shodhan therapies. My goal is to not just “treat” but to help ppl know what’s happening in their body and why its reacting like that. That awareness kinda becomes half the cure already. Not everything is perfect. Sometimes ppl don’t follow what you say, sometimes results are slow, and yeah that gets to you. But this path feels honest. It’s slow, grounded, and meaningful.
5
24 reviews
Dr. Harshita Hyati
I am someone who kinda learned the ropes through real hands-on stuff more than just classroom theory. During my internship at Govt. District Hospital, Gadag, I rotated thru departments like casualty, gen. medicine, surgery, and OB-GYN — and that was intense but honestly super helpful. I got to see patients with both acute flare-ups n long-term problems, and learned to act quick, think faster. The exposure was wide but also deep, like I actually *did* things under solid guidance, not just observe. Later, I worked as a duty doc at AYUSH Hospital in Gadag Betgeri. There I really started applying the Ayurvedic side of things in actual OPD and IPD practice. Merging textbook theory with patient behaviour, feedback, pulse reading—ya all that real-time stuff that you don’t catch just in books. I also finished a 366-day internship at DGM Ayurvedic Medical College & Hospital. And I remember being involved in diagnosis, evals, making treatment plans (under supervision ofc), and it really forced me to connect Ayurvedic principles with each person’s condition, not just follow blanket protocols. What stuck with me is how important it is to balance textbook knowledge with situational judgment. Working across multiple settings made me sharper at reading subtle symptoms, managing cases across different systems, and adapting fast. I’ve become more confident in handling both simple n complex presentations, especially in multi-disciplinary environments. I still carry forward that same curiosity n discipline into my current Ayurvedic practice—trying to stay rooted in classical wisdom but also being fully aware of practical modern healthcare needs.
5
2 reviews

Latest reviews

Sebastian
2 minutes ago
Thanks for the detailed answer. Really helpful info on managing acidity with Ayurveda. Feeling positive about trying out your suggestions!
Thanks for the detailed answer. Really helpful info on managing acidity with Ayurveda. Feeling positive about trying out your suggestions!
Gabriella
2 minutes ago
Thank u so much! Finally got some relief tips that make sense. Feeling hopeful now. Appreciate the thorough advice and will def try these out!
Thank u so much! Finally got some relief tips that make sense. Feeling hopeful now. Appreciate the thorough advice and will def try these out!
Liam
8 hours ago
This answer really put my mind at ease. The connection between the symptoms makes sense now. Thanks for the advice, especially the natural remedies! 😊
This answer really put my mind at ease. The connection between the symptoms makes sense now. Thanks for the advice, especially the natural remedies! 😊
Caroline
8 hours ago
Thanks a lot for the reassurance doc! It’s comforting to know someone’s got my back. Gonna see an Ayurvedic doc soon!
Thanks a lot for the reassurance doc! It’s comforting to know someone’s got my back. Gonna see an Ayurvedic doc soon!